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Fishery Environment Managementelpt
Coastal marine ecosystems all over the world are under unrelenting stress caused by anthropogenic activities such as urban development, dumping of hazardous or toxic substances, habitat destruction and coastal aquaculture. Information on the state of health of coastal waters due to toxic trace metal pollution and other human interference becomes an obvious necessity to evaluate the extent of marine habitat disruption along the Indian coast. The in house project on “Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coastal Marine Environment and Fisheries” is initiated in 2024 to assess the impact of urban domestic sewage, industrial effluent discharge, dredging, port activities, oil spills, ship breaking, degradation of sensitive and threatened marine habitats, plastic materials and ghost fishing on marine environment and coastal fisheries.
Climate changes have altered the production and distribution of some commercially important pelagic fishes from Indian waters. Historically, the distribution of sardines and mackerels were restricted to the Malabar upwelling system along the southwest coast (8o – 16o N latitude) of India. However, a clear cut distribution shifts in these two species were observed since 1989. Oil sardine emerged as a major species along southeast coast of India, while mackerel fishery has emerged along the northwest coast. Like many other tropical pelagic fishes, Indian mackerel and Indian oil sardine have shown population crashes and sudden recoveries, and very strong inverse relationship. Studies from Pacific and Atlantic Oceans suggests that small pelagic fishes having short life span like sardines, anchovies and mackerels are the best indicators of climate change as their pelagic coastal water habitat is more directly influenced by ocean-atmosphere variability related to climate change. The in house project on “Impact and yield study of climate change on the small pelagic fishes” initiated in 2024 plunges into investigations on the role of ocean-atmosphere variables responsible for the habitat shifting/switching of small pelagic such as oil sardine and mackerel, the phenology related to abundance/spawning of oil sardine and mackerel from different region along the coast, the influences of El Nino/La Nina events on the fishery of small pelagics such as oil sardine and mackerel, the ocean-atmosphere forcing mechanisms influencing the fluctuations in the fishery of small pelagics and inverse relationship between oil sardine and mackerel fishery, the genetic characteristics and food and feeding habits of newly emerged oil sardine and mackerel fishery in comparison with that of the traditional fishery from the Malabar upwelling system.
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Reserach Projects
Xth Plan In-house Reserach Projects
Xl th Plan In-house Reserach Projects
- Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Coastal Marine Environment and Fisheries.
- Impact and yield study of environmental changes on the distribution shifts in small pelagics along the coast.
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